2025 Hyper Recent •CC0 1.0 Universal

This work is dedicated to the public domain. No rights reserved.

Access Preprint From Server
January 22nd, 2025
Version: 1
Washington University School of Medicine
neuroscience
biorxiv

Longitudinal Trajectories of Cognition and Neural Metrics as Predictors of Persistent Distressing Psychotic-Like Experiences Across Middle Childhood and Early Adolescence

Karcher, N. R.Open in Google Scholar•Dong, F.Open in Google Scholar•Johnson, E. C.Open in Google Scholar•Paul, S. E.Open in Google Scholar•Kilciksiz, C. M.Open in Google Scholar•Oh, H.Open in Google Scholar•Schiffman, J.Open in Google Scholar•Agrawal, A.Open in Google Scholar•Bogdan, R.Open in Google Scholar•Jackson, J. J.Open in Google Scholaret al.

Objectives: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) may arise from genetic and environmental risk leading to worsening cognitive and neural metrics over time, which in turn lead to worsening PLEs. Persistence and distress are factors that distinguish more clinically significant PLEs. Analyses used three waves of unique longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study data (ages 9-13) to test whether changes in cognition and structural neural metrics attenuate associations between genetic and environmental risk with persistent distressing PLEs. Methods: Multigroup univariate latent growth models examined three waves of cognitive metrics and global structural neural metrics separately for three PLE groups: persistent distressing PLEs (n=356), transient distressing PLEs (n=408), and low-level PLEs (n=7901). Models then examined whether changes in cognitive and structural neural metrics over time attenuated associations between genetic liability (i.e., schizophrenia polygenic risk scores/family history) or environmental risk scores (e.g., poverty) and PLE groups. Results: Persistent distressing PLEs showed greater decreases (i.e., more negative slopes) of cognition and neural metrics over time compared to those in low-level PLE groups. Associations between environmental risk and persistent distressing PLEs were attenuated when accounting for lowered scores over time on cognitive (e.g., picture vocabulary) and to a lesser extent neural (e.g., cortical thickness, volume) metrics. Conclusions: Analyses provide novel evidence for extant theories that worsening cognition and global structural metrics may partially account for associations between environmental risk with persistent distressing PLEs.

Similar Papers

biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
Effects of shock on perceptual learning in a virtual reality environment
This study investigates two aspects of visual processing and perceptual learning: the impact of training on the human visual system's ability to integrate information across the visual field and the influence of aversive electrodermal stimulation on perceptual performance in an orientation averaging task. Through a ten-day training regimen that manipulated the set-size of Gabor element arrays, we ...
Cass, J.
•
Fu, W. H.
•
Li, Y.
•
Cahill, L.
•
Weidemann, G.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
A Shared Neural Network for Highly Liked and Disliked Music
Music research has increasingly focused on neural responses to naturalistic stimuli. The neural correlates of music-induced peak moments of pleasure (e.g., chills) have been well-studied; data on other types of aesthetic responses, such as judgments of beauty, goodness, or liking are sparse. Among these, liking is of particular interest given its complex nature and its ubiquity in everyday and mus...
Ripolles, P.
•
Belfi, A. M.
•
Kasdan, A.
•
Vessel, E. A.
...•
Poeppel, D.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
Doctoral Students as Carbon Accountants: Calculating Carbon Costs of a PhD in Neuroscience
PhD students are drivers of innovation in research; however, the carbon intensity of PhD work is often unclear, especially in specialised STEM disciplines. Empowering PhD students to engage in carbon accounting could provide a powerful force for decarbonization in key areas of production and consumption in research communities. Here, we present a comprehensive life-cycle assessment for PhD work in...
Smith, W. V.
•
Bebbington, A.
•
Sircar, R.
•
Pulver, S. R.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Sudanese Candida parapsilosis: A Sustainable Approach to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, particularly in Sudan, where the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Traditional methods to address AMR often fail to provide sustainable solutions. Nanotechnology offers promising alternatives, with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) demonstrating broad-...
Ibrahim, N. A. A.
•
Saeed, H. A.
•
Saeed, S. M.
•
Mohamed, O.
...•
Mohamed, S. B.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
Muscle Cathepsin B treatment improves behavioral and neurogenic deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's Disease
Muscle secretes factors during exercise that enhance cognition. Myokine Cathepsin B (Ctsb) is linked to memory function, but its role in neurodegenerative disease is unclear. Here we show that AAV-vector-mediated Ctsb overexpression in skeletal muscle in an Alzheimer's Disease (AD) mouse model (APP/PS1), improves motor coordination, memory function and adult hippocampal neurogenesis, while plaque ...
Pinto, A.
•
Haytural, H.
•
Loss, C.
•
Alvarez, C.
...•
van Praag, H.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
Perinatal circadian desynchronization disrupts sleep and prefrontal cortex function in adult offspring
Sleep and circadian (daily) rhythms impact nearly all aspects of physiology and are critical for optimal organismal function. Disruption of the clock can lead to significant metabolic disorders, neuropsychiatric illness, and cognitive dysfunction. Our lab has previously shown that environmental circadian desynchronization (ECD) in adults alters the anatomical structure and neurophysiological funct...
Roberts, B. L.
•
Wang, J.
•
Chargui, H.
•
Cupertino, N. C.
...•
Karatsoreos, I. N.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
An Event-Related Potential Study of Onset Primacy in Visual Change Detection
Onset primacy is a behavioural phenomenon whereby humans identify the appearance of an object (onset) with greater efficiency than other kinds of visual change, such as the disappearance of an object (offset). The default mode hypothesis explains this phenomenon by postulating that the attentional system is optimised for onset detection in its initial state. The present study extended this hypothe...
Van Pelt, J.
•
Lowe, B. G.
•
Robinson, J. E.
•
Donaldson, M. J.
...•
Yamamoto, N.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
Single-cell spatial transcriptome reveals pathological features of human hippocampus with sclerosis
More than half of epileptic patients ultimately turned to intractable epilepsy. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS), the most common type of intractable epilepsies, whose pathological mechanism remains elusive. Here, using 42 human hippocampal samples from surgical donors of MTLE (32 with and 10 without HS) through single-cell resolution Stereo-seq and histologcial e...
Wang, L.
•
Li, X.
•
Liu, Y.
•
Jin, B.
...•
Hong, Z.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
Guess Who? Identifying individuals from their brain natural frequency fingerprints
Neural oscillations are critical for brain function and cognition. Thus, identifying the typical or natural oscillatory frequencies of the brain is an important first step for understanding its functional architecture. Recently, a data-driven algorithm has been developed for mapping the brain's natural frequencies throughout the whole cortex, free of anatomical and frequency-band constraints. Howe...
Arana, L.
•
Herrera-Morueco, J. J.
•
Santonja, J.
•
Capilla, A.
biorxiv
Wed Jan 22 2025
Virtual Brain Inference (VBI): A flexible and integrative toolkit for efficient probabilistic inference on virtual brain models
Network neuroscience has proven essential for understanding the principles and mechanisms underlying complex brain (dys)function and cognition. In this context, whole-brain network modeling--also known as virtual brain modeling--combines computational models of brain dynamics (placed at each network node) with individual brain imaging data (to coordinate and connect the nodes), advancing our under...
Ziaeemehr, A.
•
Woodman, M.
•
Domide, L.
•
Petkoski, S.
...•
Hashemi, M.