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April 15th, 2025
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Fauna Bio
bioinformatics
biorxiv

Male XIST expression in cardiac pseudo-glia does not induce X chromosome inactivation

Gorin, G.Open in Google Scholar•Goodman, L.Open in Google Scholar

XIST is a long non-coding RNA that mediates the process of X chromosome inactivation in females, and has not been previously observed in males outside of developmental, pathological, and ectopic contexts. We report the unprecedented endogenous expression of XIST in 204 male heart samples across 14 single-cell RNA sequencing studies. The male expression of XIST is specific to a rare cell type typically annotated as neurons or glia. We investigate a variety of potential explanations and cross-reference the expression of XIST against age, sex, and pathology, finding signatures of a non-canonical inhibitory program and a possible relationship to cardiac dysfunction.

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