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April 16th, 2025
Version: 2
Korea Ginseng Corporation
molecular biology
biorxiv

Downregulation of O-GlcNAcylation enhances etoposide-induced p53-mediated apoptosis in HepG2 human liver cancer cells

Lee, J.Open in Google Scholar•Han, B.-C.Open in Google Scholar•Koo, G.-B.Open in Google Scholar•Park, J.Open in Google Scholar•Kwon, M.Open in Google Scholar•Lee, S.-H.Open in Google Scholar

Etoposide, an anticancer drug that inhibits topoisomerase II, is commonly used in combination chemotherapy. However, the impact of O-GlcNAcylation regulation on etoposide's anticancer effects has rarely been investigated. This study evaluated the effect of etoposide on cellular O-GlcNAcylation and whether modulating this process enhances etoposide-induced apoptosis. O-GlcNAc expression was measured after 24 h of etoposide treatment, and the effect of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) inhibition by OSMI-1 on etoposide's anticancer activity in HepG2 human liver cancer cells was quantitatively analyzed. Additionally, molecular analyses were used to confirm that the observed effects were mediated by p53-induced apoptosis. Etoposide reduced O-GlcNAcylation in a dose-dependent manner without directly interacting with OGT. Cotreatment with 20 M of OSMI-1 lowered the IC50 value for cell viability by approximately 1.64-fold to 60.68 M and increased the EC50 value for cytotoxicity by around 4.07-fold to 43.41 M. Furthermore, this synergistic effect was linked to the activation of the p53/caspase-3/PARP1 pathway. These findings suggest that downregulating O-GlcNAcylation may enhance the efficacy of etoposide-based chemotherapy and help overcome tumor resistance.

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